Abstract
Metal nanostructures are used to enhance optical responses by means of surface-enhanced spectroscopies such as Raman scattering, infrared absorption, and fluorescence spectroscopies. Metal nanostructures have been designed to improve efficiency in surface enhancement, and preparation methods of specimen materials are also important depending on the purpose of measurements. These methods can achieve the sensitivity of single-molecule level today, and provide unique insights on molecular behaviors and especially on surface properties in many research fields. In this chapter, mechanisms of enhancements in these spectroscopies, physicochemical behaviors of metals and surrounding materials, preparation methods of nanostructures, and techniques in measurements are reviewed.
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