Abstract
In this chapter, we introduce the mathematical modeling and simulation of relevant physical problems in the order of components, single cells, stacks, and systems. In this chapter, we will focus on multiphase transport and electrode kinetics in channels, microporous layers (MPLs), gas diffusion layers (GDLs), and catalyst layer (CLs). Gas–liquid two-phase transport is a major challenge in modeling, which is the focus of this chapter. The modeling of each component is based on the macroscopic structure of the channel, the mesoscale porous structure in GDL, and the microscale porous structure in MPL, CL, and the proton exchange membrane. It is difficult to couple these multiscale structures in a model for simulation in one component. Therefore, developing different models for these components, including heat and mass transfer and electrochemical reactions, is a key to optimizing water and thermal management and electrode design.
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