Abstract
Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) are small RNA molecules that do not encode any protein. There is a great variety of ncRNAs with a versatile function in prokaryotes and eukaryotes, but this chapter will focus on those ncRNAs that play a direct or an indirect role in the maintenance of genome stability and the regulation of DNA repair. In prokaryotes, ncRNAs are involved in the regulation of genomic organization and protection against bacteriophages, whereas in eukaryotes, ncRNAs are essential for the regulation of genome size, chromatin structure and compaction, genome integrity, and the efficiency of DNA repair. In this chapter, we will introduce ncRNAs that are directly or indirectly involved in the regulation of genome stability.
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