Abstract
Periodontitis, which results in the loss of periodontal apparatus (such as cementum, periodontal ligament, and alveolar bone) is an inflammatory disease, and is the most common cause of tooth loss in adults. Over the past decades, a number of procedures have been investigated in an attempt to regenerate lost tissue in periodontitis, but the results are not satisfactory. Recently, the strategies to regenerate periodontal tissue have shifted from guided bone/tissue regeneration to a cell-based tissue regeneration approach by transplantation of outside cells to enhance periodontal regeneration. It has been demonstrated that stem cell-based periodontal regeneration is likely to produce more reliable and effective results in the management of periodontal defects, particularly of the large tissue defects caused by the disease. However, stem cell transplantation therapy is a new technology, and the events following transplantation are poorly-understood. This chapter specifically describes the stem cell types for periodontal regeneration and selection of strategies of cell therapy for complete periodontal regeneration.
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