Abstract
It is clear that patients respond to therapeutic drugs differently, and much of this variation can be attributed to differences in gene sequence or copy number, resulting in proteins with altered stability, cellular concentration, metabolic activity, or signaling properties. The application of pharmacogenetics, the study of how inherited variants affect drug response, is expected to reduce the number of adverse drug reactions by facilitating the selection of an appropriate drug and dose more efficiently than using a trial-and-error approach. Similarly, detection of somatic variants in cancer cells can help select an effective chemotherapeutic agent and identify appropriate targeted therapies for the individual patient's unique tumor phenotype. This chapter will discuss the anticipated benefits and potential challenges of implementing pharmacogenetic testing to guide patient care decisions.
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