Abstract
This chapter introduces erosion, transportation, and deposition of sediments. The process of sedimentation is explained. This starts with the transportation of landmass by various processes to the marine environment, and is followed by the sorting of particles, which settle lightly on the continental slope and more deeply in the deep ocean regions. Our understanding of the nature of sedimentation, which depends on the size of particles and their mode of genesis, is then discussed in terms of the physical, chemical, and biological processes involved. Finally, sedimentation patterns in the ocean, rate of sedimentation, organic matter and its productivity, oceanic sediments, and decomposition of organic matter are explained. A detailed discussion on the quantum of organic matter that is deposited on the seafloor is included to explain the supply of organic matter, chemical actions, and demineralization.
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