Abstract
In oncology, animal models represent key tools to decipher molecular mechanisms driven tumor growth and disease progression, to study the contribution of the tumor microenvironment in these processes, and to identify new biomarkers and new therapeutic targets. Bone sarcomas are rare primary bone malignancies characterized by a high propensity to form lung metastases and/or by a high rate of local recurrence according to the histological subtype. To better delineate the pathogenesis of primary bone cancers and to develop new therapies, many preclinical models have been set up in mouse, rat, pig, and dog mimicking the human pathology. These models include tumors induced by inoculation of cancer cells in immune-competent or immune-deficient animals and tumors forming in genetically engineered animal models. The present chapter will give a brief overview of the main animal models currently available for studying the biology of bone sarcomas including their advantages and drawbacks.
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