Abstract
This chapter discusses Gauss' law. The chapter introduces the concept of an electric field in terms of Faraday's electric field lines. These electric field lines are helpful in visualizing, correlating, and understanding a wide range of electrical phenomena. Gauss' law, which relates electric fields to charges, is developed in terms of these electric field lines. The law is applied to a variety of physical situations. This law has many applications in elementary and advanced physics. It is used to determine the electric field produced by various charge distributions. The chapter discusses the influence of an external electric field on point charges—both individual charges and charges in positive-negative pairs. The action of an electric field on individual charges supplies evidence that electric charge is quantized, and leads to a measurement of the fundamental discrete amount of charge.
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