Abstract

The development of resistance among the microbial population against the currently available drugs is a burgeoning problem, and hence, the screening of new and potentially useful molecules is becoming a higher priority in the medical field. Nature as a source of novel structures attracts the scientist towards itself. Among the natural sources, microorganisms, being ubiquitous in nature, are considered a worthwhile source of biologically active metabolites having potential applications in diverse areas. To date, from fungi, thousands of secondary metabolites with diverse therapeutic activities have been purified and characterized. Endophytes are the most common fungi and are made up of various ubiquitous microorganisms that live in the rhizosphere and form a bond with their hosts to complete a part of their life cycle. The current chapter discusses fungi-produced antibiotics and their applications in humans and animals. Besides this, based on their chemical structure, they are classified, and their mechanism of action has also been discussed briefly.

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