Abstract
Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) are the RNA molecules that are not coding for any protein. There is a great variety of ncRNAs with a versatile function in prokaryotes and eukaryotes, but this chapter focuses on those ncRNAs that play a direct or an indirect role in the maintenance of genome stability and the regulation of DNA repair. ncRNAs appear to be very essential for cellular efforts in the maintenance of genome stability in both prokaryotes in which ncRNAs are involved in the regulation of genomic organization and protection against bacteriophages and eukaryotes in which ncRNAs are essential for the regulation of genome size, chromatin structure and compaction, genome integrity, and the efficiency of DNA repair. In this chapter, we introduce ncRNAs that are directly or indirectly involved in the regulation of genome stability.
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