Abstract
Uterus transplantation has proved to be the first treatment for absolute uterine factor infertility, caused by uterine absence (congenital/surgical) or abnormalities (anatomic/functional) that preclude implantation or pregnancy. Structured animal-based research on uterus transplantation started 15years ago and has included experiments in rodents, domestic species, and nonhuman primates. Fertility was demonstrated after syngeneic, autologous, and allogeneic uterus transplantation. In 2013, the first clinical trial of uterus transplantation was initiated in Sweden. Nine live donor transplantation procedures, with the mother being donor to a daughter with MRKH syndrome in most cases, were performed. In 2014, the first three births were reported and this has been followed by several more. New clinical trials have started at several centers, also with use of robotic-assisted laparoscopy. In conclusion, uterus transplantation has at this early stage proved to be an effective and relatively safe infertility treatment for women with absolute uterine factor infertility.
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