Chapter 22 - NDSHA-based vulnerability evaluation of precode buildings in Republic of North Macedonia: novel experiences

Abstract

This chapter provides a methodology for seismic vulnerability evaluation of existing precode structures, using a multidisciplinary approach that connects the region – specific topologies of masonry buildings on one hand, and site – specific response spectra on the other. The proposed procedure is applied to a chosen structure topology as a case study: a school building in the City of Ohrid, North Macedonia. Reliable Seismic Hazard Assessment for a selected region is one of the key points for performing seismic risk analysis, a scenario – based Neo Deterministic approach (NDSHA) is used for calculation of the response spectra. For the comparison of the final results, apart from calculated site-specific response spectra, EC-defined spectra have been utilized as seismic input, too. Capacity of the building has been determined by multiple execution of nonlinear static analysis, taking into consideration the uncertainties of input parameters. As a result, region-specific vulnerability and reliability curves that relate the peak ground acceleration (PGA) values to the probability of exceedance of a certain damage state have been presented. The results highlight the advantage of using site - specific NDSHA response spectra as seismic input, as the damage reports from earthquakes that stroked Ohrid in 2017 have confirmed the merits of the applied approach.