Abstract
By providing a feasible alternative to the use of corrosive chemicals and organic solvents, subcritical water technology can bring us one step further to an era of green chemistry. Technologies based on the use of subcritical water have the potential to be incorporated in several processes including subcritical water extraction (SWE) of plant material, waste treatment, biomass conversion, and recycling. This chapter gives a brief overview of the principles and advantages of SWE and its applications with greater emphasis on the potential applications in the pharmaceutical field. Research accumulated so far encourages further development of subcritical water technologies in new venues in order to achieve economical, environmental, and social benefits for local societies facing increasing burden from environmental pollution. To reach this goal, more research is required especially in the area of the cost-effectiveness of using subcritical water technology on industrial scale.
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