Abstract
Abstract Interactions of radionuclides (RN) with metal oxides are the key processes in retarding their migration in the natural environment. This chapter provides insights into the knowledge of RN retention at the oxide-water interfaces. As the surface properties exert great influence on the adsorption, we first give information on the structures, the bulk-terminated and hydroxylated surfaces, surface charges, and the dissolution of several common oxides. Then, attention is given to the elucidation of various retention mechanisms of RNs by oxides, including adsorption, surface precipitation, incorporation, and the surface-induced redox reaction. Particular attention has been given to RN adsorption on specifically exposed facets of oxides and oxide nanoparticles in order to obtain the specific coordination geometries. Understanding the adsorption of RNs on oxides is imperative for assessing the possible risk resulting from the long-term underground storage of high-level waste and for predicting the transport and transformation of RNs in the environment.
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