Abstract
Genomic medicine aims to exploit an individual’s genomic make-up for a better prediction of response to medications and adverse drug reactions and to diagnose and prognose inherited pathogenic conditions. To be successfully implemented, genomic medicine must take full advantage of the various genetic, phenotypic, and environmental factors to provide the health care system with useful tools that can optimize the effectiveness of specific treatment. To date, although the anticipated impact of genomic medicine is potentially high and the pace of discoveries from genomics research is equally high, there are often difficulties in the translation of these findings into clinical practice. In this chapter, we summarize the most relevant applications of pharmacogenomics and genomic medicine in clinical practice and discuss the opportunities and shortcomings of the implementation of genetic information in personalized medicine and its full adoption in the clinic. In the latter case, we aim to provide readers with different expertise and an accessible key of interpretation to the barriers and opportunities regarding the use/adoption of genomic medicine in different clinical areas.
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