Abstract
Nocturnal spells often present diagnostic problems in sleep medicine because the history alone may not provide sufficient information to differentiate among the various diagnostic possibilities. Standard polysomnography (PSG) is helpful in defining the state and stage of sleep from which such nocturnal spells emerge, but its diagnostic capability is limited because behavioral analysis often is not included, and only a certain number of channels are devoted to electroencephalography. The focus of this chapter is on the methodology and indications for video-electroencephalography–PSG in the diagnosis of nocturnal events. Specific techniques and approaches that are described include routine EEG, short-term continuous video-EEG monitoring, long-term continuous video-EEG monitoring, and ambulatory monitoring.
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