Abstract
A grinding wheel removes material in a similar way to a micro-milling cutter. In micro-milling, the cutting tools are identical in shape. The situation is quite different in grinding. The cutting tools in a grinding wheel are the grains, and material removal depends on their shape and position. The shapes and positions are both random distributions that change with wear. Grinding forces, accuracy, and wheel wear all depend on the amount of material removed by individual grains. The actual distribution of grain positions in a grinding wheel can be represented by the terms in a Poisson distribution. There are three greatly different contact times between grains and the workpiece. Each is significant in process analysis, particularly in consideration of energy concentration and local temperatures. The three different contact times are grain contact time as a grain passes through the contact length, wheel contact time for many grains as the wheel passes a section, and grain contact time with a point on the workpiece.
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