Chapter 14 - Aralkylamines and Aralkanols and their Oxidation Products: Monocarbaldehydes and Monoketones of the Benzene Series

Abstract

This chapter reviews aralkylamines and aralkanols and their oxidation products monocarbaldehydes and monoketones of the benzene series. The monocarbaldehydes of the benzene series are prepared in the following ways—from methylbenzenes; from primary alcohols; from benzyl halides; from benzylidene dihalides; from benzylamines and benzylidene-amines; from arylamines; from carboxylic acids and their derivatives; from formylation reactions of the type ArH →ArCHO; from organo-metallic reagents; from dihydro-1,3-oxazines; from olefins; from α, β-unsaturated amides and nitriles; from 1,2-glycols; from aldehydes and ketones; and other miscellaneous methods. Benzaldehyde and the homologous aromatic aldehydes are liquids with an aromatic odor. The range of reactions with aromatic aldehydes are arranged thus: oxidation and reduction; the Cannizzaro reaction; Benzoin reaction; condensation reactions; conversion of aromatic aldehydes to nitriles; conversion of aromatic aldehydes to carboxamides; decarbonylation; aldehydes as acylating reagents; halogenation; reactions of aromatic aldehydes and diazoalkanes; conversion of aldehydes into epoxides; Paterno-Büchi reaction; reaction with bis (1,3-diphenylimidazolinylidene-2); individual arenecarbaldehydes and their derivatives'; benzaldehyde and its homologs; functional derivatives of benzaldehyde; sulfur and selenium analogues; reaction of benzaldehyde with ammonia and amines; halogenobenzaldehydes; nitrobenzaldehydes; hydroxyimino-, nitroso-, azoxy- and azo-benzaldehydes; aminobenzaldehydes; benzaldehydesulfonic acids; aryl-substituted aliphatic aldehydes. The chapter concludes with a review of monoketones in the benzene series.