Abstract
Publisher Summary This chapter discusses the immunological rejection of grafted tissue in xenogeneic neural transplantation. It examines immunohistochemically the expression of Ia antigen, T-cell infiltration, and the reconstruction of blood vessels in mouse neocortical tissue grafted into the third ventricle of rat brain. The central nervous system (CNS) is an immunologically privileged site because of the existence of the blood–brain barrier, a poor lymphatic drainage system, and the lack of expression of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) antigen in the normal brain. However, the accumulating lines of evidence indicate that MHC-incompatible grafts are immunologically rejected in allogeneic or xenogeneic neural transplantation. The reconstruction of blood vessels in the grafted tissue is discussed in the chapter. The elucidation of the mechanisms of the rejection provides not only practical cues in successful grafting after cross species neural transplantation but also in the clarification of the etiology of the nervous diseases, which are associated with immune responses.
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