Abstract
The wild species of the genus Oryza serve as a untapped reservoir of genetic diversity that can be utilised to improve rice production across the tropical world. The genus is composed of two domesticated (Oryza sativa and Oryza glaberrima) and 22 wild species. The wild relatives of rice have furnished genes for hybrid rice revolution and other genes from Oryza species with major impact on rice yields and sustainable rice production in the tropical countries. In this chapter, we have reviewed the status of rice genetic resources and traced the rice improvement programme and its benefit with case examples of India and Andaman and Nicobar Islands.
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