Abstract
Intertidal flats are characterized by a challenging physical environment inhabited by a diversity of specialized benthic organisms. These systems present an intellectual challenge and opportunity to study the role of biota in the overall functioning of the environment. This area of study is advancing rapidly becoming focused toward the benefits that society gains from ecosystems. However, the ecological functioning of intertidal depositional systems is not as well researched as many terrestrial systems. Here we discuss the characteristics of intertidal flats and assemblages, giving examples of the biological components and their functional roles. The classification of benthic fauna is shown alongside terminology used to describe their function. The importance of biodiversity is outlined with examples from studies in the field and laboratory. The role of advancing monitoring capability such as remote sensing is outlined while also considering the nature of some of the future challenges to intertidal depositional habitats.
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