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Abstract
Karst regions occupy approximately 25 percent of the land surface of the Earth. Karst aquifers are often major sources of water supply in these areas. However, karst aquifers are generally considered to be particularly vulnerable to pollution and anthropogenic impacts. Large withdrawals of water in karst areas for municipal, agricultural, and industrial use may competitively affect the water supply in surrounding areas; deterioration of surface water and groundwater quality from agricultural, industrial, or private development may occur; and improper injections of waste into a karst system may contaminate the water supply. To utilize karst groundwater sustainably, measures for elimination of pollution sources and protection of groundwater are necessary. Typical preventative strategies include land-use control and establishment of groundwater protection zones. The karst systems in humid southwest China are characterized by well-developed caves and highly connected underground flow channels.
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