Abstract
The development of induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) has marked a turning point in stem cell biology and biomedical research. With its inexhaustible supply and patient-specificity, iPSC technology is now widely used to study the human development and diseases in a dish. Additionally, the advances in genome editing allow the researchers to precisely manipulate the genetic information, transforming our ability to utilize human iPSCs. For the genome editing, CRISPR/Cas9 system stands as the most powerful genome editing tool with high efficiency and precision. The combination of iPSC and CRISPR/Cas9 technology undoubtedly provides the researchers unprecedented opportunities to reshape stem cells for numerous applications. In this chapter, we provide the overview of CRISPR/Cas9 technology, including its mechanisms, general procedures for genome editing in human iPSCs (hiPSCs), and alternative strategies to enhance the efficiency and specificity of CRISPR/Cas9-mediated genome editing. In addition, we further introduce the examples of how CRISPR/Cas9 can be applied to hiPSCs research not only for genome editing but also for a variety of other applications.
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