Abstract
This chapter provides an introduction to nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. It was detected early in 1938 in a molecular beam. In organic chemistry, NMR is arguably one of the two most important tools for the elucidation of molecular structure. In structural biology, NMR rivals X-ray crystallography in providing precise three-dimensional structures for proteins and other macromolecules. NMR has become one of the best methods for obtaining anatomical images of human subjects and animals, and for exploring physiological processes. Material science uses NMR spectroscopy and imaging to describe the structure, motion, and electronic properties of heterogeneous and technologically important substances. It is widely used in the food industry to measure moisture content and to assess the quality of certain foodstuffs. NMR is used to measure the flow of liquids in pipes in industrial processes and to observe the flow of blood in human beings. NMR is used in the exploration for petroleum, and to search for submarines during wartime.
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