Abstract
Synergistic sweet corn equipped with multiple-recessive genes encoding sugar synthesis is proposed through hybrid breeding to improve the balance eating quality including flavor, texture, and aroma. However, the drawback on seed quality occurs such as low germination and poor seedling vigor. This study aimed to investigate the changes of carbohydrate contents on seed quality of five sweet corn genotypes differing in the number of equipped recessive genes during seed development. Seeds were sampled at 4-day intervals from 18 to 46 days after pollination (DAP) and analyzed for seed germination, sugar, water-soluble polysaccharide, and starch. Then, their relationships were analyzed by using time series regression analysis. Although there were significant differences among 5 corn genotypes in their seed germination and carbohydrate contents, some genotypes showed responses in similar patterns. The optimal time to harvest seeds was genotype-dependent, which were 38 DAP for triple-recessive gene (btbtsh2sh2wxwx) and single-recessive genes (BtBtsh2sh2WxWx and Sh2Sh2susuWxWx) and 42 DAP for double-recessive genes (BtBtsh2sh2wxwx). The regression analysis revealed that seed germinability could be predicted by total starch content in synergistic sweet corn lines during seed development stages; however, this prediction seemed to be negligible in sweet corn genotypes equipped with a single-recessive gene. Implications and further suggestions for establishing an effective seed production technique and seed quality of synergistic sweet corn are discussed.
Highlights
IntroductionSweet corn (Zea mays L. saccharata) is a vegetable crop widely cultivated and consumed all over the world as it possesses good flavor, tenderness, and aroma that appeal to consumer preferences [1]. is crop is rich in nutritional values, minerals, and antioxidants, benefiting human health [2, 3]
Seed development can be distinguished into three stages as follows: stage I, rapid cell division; stage II, rapid synthesizing of storage materials; and stage III, the little synthesis of storage material and dehydration [30]. e terminal stage of seed development called the maturation stage occurred between 30 and 40 days after anthesis in sweet and waxy corn [12, 21, 23]
Our preliminary study found that all tested genotypes were not germinated at 14 days after pollination (DAP)
Summary
Sweet corn (Zea mays L. saccharata) is a vegetable crop widely cultivated and consumed all over the world as it possesses good flavor, tenderness, and aroma that appeal to consumer preferences [1]. is crop is rich in nutritional values, minerals, and antioxidants, benefiting human health [2, 3]. Sweet corn (Zea mays L. saccharata) is a vegetable crop widely cultivated and consumed all over the world as it possesses good flavor, tenderness, and aroma that appeal to consumer preferences [1]. The sweet corn producers and industries require more reliable cultivars that could be accomplished by hybrid breeding with high seed qualities [2]. Synergistic corn equipped with su, sh2, and se combinations gives a balance eating quality between high sugar content and tenderness [6, 7]. These recessive genes encoding sweetness have been utilized to improve the eating quality of traditional waxy corn through sweet-waxy corn hybrids [7–10]. The adverse effects on seed qualities were found in sweet corn genotypes with two or more recessive genes controlling sugar synthesis. Pairochteerakul et al [11] reported that incorporations of either bt or sh gene into wx background resulted in low germination percentage and Inbreds/hybrid 101LTSC-10 C4 TSC/H3-7 P4546/Delec-1 Dr Pek’s 1351
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