Abstract
This article examines the trends and the factors that led to the historical transformation of women’s labor force participation (WLFP) in urban China over the past three decades between 1990 and 2019. Employing the age-period-cohort-interaction model (APC-I model), we find strong age effects, period effects, and cohort effects upon WLFP over the period under study. The age effects are largely due to life course factors such as schooling, marital status, and parenthood. The period effects may be due to market transition, changes in economic structure, and the expansion of education. As for the cohort effects, we posit a cultural explanation, suggesting that the cohort differences in WLFP can be attributed primarily to intergenerational differences in the values placed on work, due to changes in the social context in which early socialization processes are rooted.
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