Changes in the sweet pepper fruits quality indicators during storage taking into account agricultural cultivation technology

Abstract

Vegetable growing in open ground is a demanded branch of plant growing in the southern zone of the Russian Federation. The choice of safe growing technologies and irrigation systems, as well as the selection of the vegetable crops most productive and adaptive varieties and hybrids plays an important role in stabilizing yields. The aim of the research was to substantiate scientifically agrotechnical methods for increasing the sweet pepper fruits productivity and quality when stored in the south of the Russian Federation conditions. Studies showed that an improvement in nutrition against the background of sufficient moisture supply for vegetable plants in the root layer, especially during the period of fruit formation. entailed a proportional increase in yield from 90 and more t/ha of marketable products. At the same time. the largest increase was noted on the Pompeo F1 hybrid: on the variant, subject to the elements of agricultural technology, for obtaining 50 t/ha - 33.5 t/ha, for obtaining 90 t/ha - 21.4 t/ha. The amount of biochemical substances in sweet pepper fruits was closely dependent on its variety and hybrid, irrigation regime, ripening degree and storage duration. On the fifth day of storage, the quality of fruits of the ripening biological degree decreased on average on varieties by 23.6-27.7%, the ripening technical degree is 1.1-1.2 times higher. When stored for twenty days, there was a deterioration in the market condition due to the fruit wilting and the decrease in quality indicators. In the Pompeo F1 hybrid. regardless of the fruit ripening degree and the applied irrigation regime, a higher content of dry matter, the amount of sugars. ascorbic acid and a lower content of nitrates were noted.