Abstract
1H NMR spectroscopy was adopted to determine compositional changes (mainly sugars, organic acids and amino acids) involved in cold-stored immature soybean grains after exogenous spermine treatment. Significant changes of sugars, including sucrose, galactose, myo-inositol, glucose and fructose were detected in soybean after spermine treatment. As for the organic acids related to tricarboxylic acid cycle, the levels of malic and fumaric acids decreased but the level of citric acid increased. However, no significant changes were observed for amino acids in spermine-treated soybeans. By using metabolic profile analysis, a difference was observed between the aging of soybean grains as such and those treated with spermine. This study provides an insight into the accumulation of metabolites in postharvest immature soybeans after exogenous spermine-treatment.Graphical abstract
Highlights
Identification of compounds by 1H-Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR) All the stored immature soybean grains were extracted with 50% (v/v) methanol-water mixture in order to collect hydrophilic constituents, such as sugars and amino acids
To compare the composition of metabolites between untreated and spermine-treated immature soybeans during postharvest storage, principal component analysis (PCA) was used to analyze the 1H NMR data set of the main extracts
The utilization of acetyl coenzyme A declined, which may be caused by Conclusions A metabolic profiling method was developed to describe the changes in the composition of immature vegetable soybeans during shelf life
Summary
Merr.) is a popular food in China, Japan and Korea, due to its favorable nutrition, flavor and taste (Young et al 2000). Immature vegetable soybean usually has a high respiratory rate and its quality declines rapidly after harvest. As compared to the intact soybean grains, soybean pod is more to perish when exposed to postharvest storage (Su et al 2002). Even if soybean is stored in cold conditions (below 5 °C), they will suffer chilling injury (CI) (Aghdam and Bodbodak 2014). A number of postharvest techniques, including polyamine, methyl jasmonate (MeJA) and 1-MCP treatment (Salvador et al 2004; Cao et al 2010; Zhang et al 2009), Song et al Food Production, Processing and Nutrition
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