Changes in the activity of lignin biosynthesis-related enzymes and related gene expression in postharvest bamboo shoots

Abstract

Moso bamboo shoots, recognized as a green health food, are distinguished by their high protein, low fat, low sugar, and high fiber content. Their substantial nutritional value and appealing taste have made the product very popular with consumers. However, post-harvest, Phyllostachys edulis shoots are susceptible to rapid lignification. This paper explores the lignification process in Phyllostachys edulis at room temperature post-harvest. We assessed the physiological indices of four synthetic enzymes and their relative expression levels in lignin biosynthesis. Additionally, we investigated the correlation between the relative expression of lignin biosynthesis, enzyme activity, and lignin synthesis. Understanding the physiology of lignin biosynthesis in moso bamboo shoots post-harvest is crucial for comprehending their growth characteristics, benefiting production management, timely harvesting, and controlling the aging process to enhance economic value. The findings demonstrate that lignification in moso bamboo shoots progresses from the bottom to the top. At room temperature, the activities of PAL, POD, and 4CL enzymes, together with their expression in different parts of the moso bamboo shoots, exhibited a significant correlation with changes in lignin content. These enzymes are likely involved in lignin biosynthesis. The activity of the CAD enzyme in the bamboo shoot peaked at 2 hours, with CAD-related genes expressing the highest in the upper part at 10 hours, in the middle part at 2 hours, and in the lower part at 18 hours. Key messageThe synthesis of lignin in moso bamboo shoots may be associated with PAL, POD, and 4CL.