Abstract
Background: The serum (S) cholesterol-lowering capacity of oat fibre has been confirmed in several earlier studies. Food products containing oat bran concentrate (OBC) may become a useful tool in the dietary treatment of hypercholesterolaemia when incorporated in the daily diet, but possible adverse effects of processing have to be investigated. Objective: To investigate the S-cholesterol-lowering effect of food products containing OBC in hypercholesterolaemic subjects. Furthermore, to study the effects of the OBC on serum markers of cholesterol (lathosterol) and bile acid (7?-hydroxy-4-cholesten-3-one) synthesis. Design: The study was a single-blind, randomized cross-over study, for 2 x 3 weeks. Sixteen hypercholesterolaemic subjects aged 57±7.9 years (means ±SD), with mean S-cholesterol 7.47±0.65 mmol 1-1, were randomized to eat a premade diet containing 5 g oat ?-glucan daily (OBC diet) or a control diet (CTRL diet) without ?-glucan. Mean ?-glucan solubi lity in the OBC food products was 50%. Results: Serum cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein decreased by 6.0% (p=0.021) and 9.0% (p=0.03), respectively, in the OBC compared with the CTRL diet period. There was no significant differences in lathosterol or 7a-hydroxy-4-cholesten-3-one responses between the diet periods, but the short-term (day 0-3; r=0.64, p 0.01) and long-term changes (day 0-22; r=0.55, p 0.05) correlated well with each other.Conclusions: 5 g of ?-glucan daily (2.7 g soluble) induced a significant reduction in S-cholesterol when incorporated into food products as OBC. An immediate response in the sterol metabolism was shown shortly after the introduction of the OBC diet. Oat ?-glucan-enriched products could be a useful tool in the prevention and treatment of hypercholesterolaemia. Keywords: oat bran concentrate; oat fibre; oat ?-glucan; ?-glucan solubility; 7?-hydroxy-4-cholesten-3-one; hypercholesterolaemia; lathosterol; serum cholesterol
Highlights
In 1997, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in the USA decided to authorize the use of health claims on the association between soluble fibre from whole oats and reduced risk of coronary heart disease (CHD)
Serum cholesterol was 6.0% lower (p0/0.021) and Low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol 9.0% lower (p 0/0.030) after the oat bran concentrate (OBC) diet period compared with the CTRL diet period
During the OBC diet period, the Scholesterol and LDL-cholesterol decreased by 8.8% (p 0/0.002) and 7.3% (p0/0.026), respectively
Summary
In 1997, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in the USA decided to authorize the use of health claims on the association between soluble fibre from whole oats and reduced risk of coronary heart disease (CHD). Food products containing oat bran concentrate (OBC) may become a useful tool in the dietary treatment of hypercholesterolaemia when incorporated in the daily diet, but possible adverse effects of processing have to be investigated. Objective : To investigate the S-cholesterol-lowering effect of food products containing OBC in hypercholesterolaemic subjects. To study the effects of the OBC on serum markers of cholesterol (lathosterol) and bile acid (7a-hydroxy-4-cholesten-3-one) synthesis. Sixteen hypercholesterolaemic subjects aged 579/7.9 years (mean9/SD), with mean S-cholesterol 7.479/0.65 mmol l(1, were randomized to eat a premade diet containing 5 g oat b-glucan daily (OBC diet) or a control diet (CTRL diet) without b-glucan. Conclusions : 5 g of b-glucan daily (2.7 g soluble) induced a significant reduction in S-cholesterol when incorporated into food products as OBC. Oat b-glucan-enriched products could be a useful tool in the prevention and treatment of hypercholesterolaemia
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