Abstract
In this paper, a method has been developed for estimating the change of nearshore significant waves in response to long-term sea level rise, by extending the method proposed for regular waves by Townend in 1994. The relative changes in wavelength, refraction coefficient, shoaling coefficient, and wave height for random waves are presented as functions of the relative change in water depth. The changes in wavelength and refraction coefficient are calculated by using the significant wave period and principal wave direction in the formulas for regular waves. On the other hand, the changes in shoaling coefficient and wave height are calculated by using the formulas proposed for transformation of random waves in the nearshore area including the surf zone. The results are presented in the form of both formulas and graphs. In particular, the relative change in significant wave height is compared with the result for regular waves.
Highlights
During the last several decades, the international community led by the IPCC (IntergovernmentalPanel on Climate Change) has performed researches for projecting the emission of greenhouse gases and the corresponding climate change (Marchetti 1977; Schneider and Chen 1980; Houghton et al 1996; Marland et al 2003; Stern 2006 among many others)
The emission scenarios of the greenhouse gases have been regularly updated by the IPCC, which show different trends depending on the assumptions about future technological and economic development
Expressing the relative change in water depth as, where and are the water depths before and after the sea level rise, he calculated the relative changes in wave height, wavelength, shoaling coefficient, and refraction coefficient due to the sea level rise as functions of
Summary
During the last several decades, the international community led by the IPCC (IntergovernmentalPanel on Climate Change) has performed researches for projecting the emission of greenhouse gases and the corresponding climate change (Marchetti 1977; Schneider and Chen 1980; Houghton et al 1996; Marland et al 2003; Stern 2006 among many others). The effects of water depth increase and wave height change due to sea level rise on the performance and stability of coastal structures have been investigated (Klein et al 1998; Southerland and Wolf 2002; Okayasu and Sakai 2006; Stern 2006; Torresan et al 2008; Wigley 2009; Reeve 2010; Takagi et al 2011; Chini and Stansby 2012; Suh et al 2012; Suh et al 2013; Lee et al 2013) Most of these studies has been performed for a specific site using the sea level rise under a specific emission scenario so that it is difficult to use the result in different sites subject to different sea level rises. Expressing the relative change in water depth as , where and are the water depths before and after the sea level rise, he calculated the relative changes in wave height, wavelength, shoaling coefficient, and refraction coefficient due to the sea level rise as functions of
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