Abstract
In order to understand a new profession, one must wonder why it became necessary and how it developed. Generally, we assume that the emergence of a new profession is demanded by three conditions: a change in the social system, which brings with it new needs; a change in attitude, which expresses dissatisfaction with the current situation; and the development of new knowledge and insight. These points are illustrated in the early writings of Pestalozzi and Freud. Their applicability to the field of social work will be considered in two different periods: the 1920's and the 19S0's. This discussion is focused on the following three dilemmas: (1) lay attitude versus professional judgment, (2) artistic insight versus scientific knowledge, and (3) general welfare orientation versus specialized agency orientation.
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