Change in Rheological Properties of Liquid Multicomponent Systems, Including Hydrocarbon Fuel by the Addition of Nanomaterials

Abstract

The addition of nanostructures leads to a radical transformation of the properties of traditional materials, practically without changing their chemical composition, only due to the tendency of molecules to appearance of the ordered structures and, as a consequence, to a change in functional characteristics of the original materials. Structural ordering of atoms around nanoparticles can lead to a change in viscosity and can be used to reduce the material intensity, the energy intensity, the labor intensity and the cost of production in technological processes. Thus methods and materials of nanotechnology can be used to create a composite hydrocarbon fuel with improved rheological characteristics. To reduce the viscosity of various types of hydrocarbon fuel, small amounts of nanoparticles can be added leading to an additional structure formation which may result in a change in rheological properties due to transition to layerwise shear flow. The possibilities of using carbon nanotubes and dehydrated carbonate sludge of water treatment were analyzed. The presence of a synergistic effect in the joint application of carbon nanotubes with carbonate sludge has been established. It has been shown that the choice of corresponding nanoparticles and their dispersion medium for a particular type of hydrocarbon fuel can significantly improve its rheological characteristics.