Abstract
New media technology influences almost all aspects of traditional media, including subscriptions, readership, circulation, and advertising revenue. In particular, the possibility to access information and receive instant updates via the internet has threatened the existence of traditional newspapers. Therefore, this paper aims to review the challenges facing newspapers in the age of digital communication and how publishers can utilize digital technology to expand readership and maximize subscription and advertising revenues. The outcomes of this review showed that challenges faced by newspapers include a general decline in reading culture, lack of interactivity, readers’ preference for free news, and the need to minimize the cost of production and distribution as well as provide timely updates. Nevertheless, by utilizing digital technology and maintaining print editions, publishers can provide credible news and information to expand their reach and attract advertisers. Technology has not been able to replicate the credibility and quality of newspaper content. This review was an attempt to provide useful information to newspaper publishers, journalists, advertisers, and readers on news delivery and consumption in the age of digital communication. This review is limited to newspapers, and hence further research may focus on broadcast media such as radio and television.
Highlights
The entire aim of communication is for the message to reach the target audience
The study showed that in some countries, the internet severely affected the use of print media, while in some countries it has merely become a supplement, and the use of traditional media did not change. These findings indicate that the internet affects traditional media in these countries differently
The findings further revealed that subscriptions to online newspapers increased from one-fourth to more than half, while more than 80% of the readers prefer the print edition of the newspaper
Summary
The entire aim of communication is for the message to reach the target audience. Once the message is disseminated and understood, the audience continues to pass on information that is perceived as important or interesting. The mere ability to access information and receive instant updates via the internet has threatened the existence of print newspapers (Cherian & Jacob, 2013; Mbozi, 2021; Patel, 2010) This situation has been growing challenges for newspaper publishersFor example, while content acquisition and distribution may be easier today, many media outlets are struggling with the financial burden that “going digital” requires (Patel, 2010; Smith & Hendricks, 2010). Challenges and Opportunities for Print Newspapers With the advancement in new technology, print newspapers are faced with serious challenges from various sources, such as the introduction of online newspapers, social media platforms, mass e-mail, and web services (Cherian & Jacob, 2013; Hassan et al, 2018; Islam & Ahsan, 2020; Mbozi, 2021; Smith & Hendricks, 2010). Papers constitute 80-85 Srividya & Thirunavukkarasu percent of newspaper production cost (2016)
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