Abstract
The article is aimed to discuss and reconsider the concept and challenges of the social housing in the world and in Lithuania. The research consists of three major parts. In the first part the evolution of social housing from the 18th century until nowadays was analyzed and evaluated and eight main trends of architectural expression of social housing were distinguished and shortly characterized. The second part was devoted to the introduction of the dimension of sustainability in the design of affordable housing. The idea of sustainable architecture and the trends of its expression were presented and the composite trends of social housing in urban settings with dimensions of sustainability were formulated and characterized. The third part of the research dealt with the local specifics of the city of Kaunas: the possibilities of localization of the social housing of different trends were analyzed and the experimental design of the social housing complex demonstrating the possibilities of application of environmentally friendly technologies and the potential of rehabilitation of neglected urban areas was shortly presented.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5755/j01.sace.1.2.2873
Highlights
IntroductionThe European Union key priority challenges of sustainability are: climate change and clean energy, sustainable transport, sustainable consumption and production, conservation and management of natural resources, public health, social inclusion, demography and migration, global poverty and sustainable development challenges (REUSSD, 2009; EC, 2012)
The term “social housing” can be interpreted differentially in various political and institutional contexts; generally this term refers to the rental housing units, owned and managed by the state or nonprofit institutions or by public-private partnerships aimed at providing accommodation that is affordable to eligible households whose needs are not met by the market (DGHT, 2012; HHC, 2012; social housing. Functionalist (SF), 2012)
This point in history marked the clear understanding of difference between the cheap commercial housing and the social housing: the first category was profit oriented and the owners did not care about the living conditions as far as the profits kept flowing and the authorities imposed no requirements and penalties; the social housing was aimed to improve the existing human misery caused by the cheep tenements and unauthorized housing
Summary
The European Union key priority challenges of sustainability are: climate change and clean energy, sustainable transport, sustainable consumption and production, conservation and management of natural resources, public health, social inclusion, demography and migration, global poverty and sustainable development challenges (REUSSD, 2009; EC, 2012). Regarding these shifts in understanding of sociocultural and socioeconomic development and ecology, it is not surprising that the field of architectural design seriously takes into account these obligations to the environment, the present and future generations. Strongly related to context, involvement of eco-technologies friendly future residents into building design, involvement of Postmodernism artists, individual, expressive, unexpected and even
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