Abstract
The airflow dynamics observed during a cough process in a CT-scanned respiratory airway model were numerically analyzed using the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method. The model and methodology were validated by a comparison with published experimental results. The influence of the cough peak flow rate on airflow dynamics and flow distribution was studied. The maximum velocity, wall pressure, and wall shear stress increased linearly as the cough peak flow increased. However, the cough peak flow rate had little influence on the flow distribution of the left and right main bronchi during the cough process. This article focuses on the mathematical and numerical modelling for human cough process in bioengineering.
Highlights
Coughing is an important human defense reflex that protects the respiratory system from infections and improves the clearance of secretions [1,2,3,4]
We can see that the wall shear stress corresponded to the airflow velocity during the coughing process
We found a positive correlation between the maximum velocity, wall pressure, wall shear stress and cough peak flow rate
Summary
Coughing is an important human defense reflex that protects the respiratory system from infections and improves the clearance of secretions [1,2,3,4]. It is usually caused by inflammation and respiratory infections of the respiratory airways or larynx. A normal cough process has four steps. It begins with an inspiration to expand the lung volume. The glottis closes and the pectoral and abdominal muscles contract to generate pressure in the chest. The glottis opens which releases a sudden burst of gas [5]. The cough peak flow rate (CPFR) is used to assess the effectiveness of a cough [6,7]
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