Abstract
Power generation from wind energy is almost entirely performed in rural locations or at sea, and very little attention has been given to the use of wind turbines in urban locations. Since the re-emergence of wind turbines, the majority of their applications are in large commercial wind farms in rural areas or out at sea, and there is an increasing focus on the use of wind turbines within an urban environment possibly using existing structures, such as bridges and viaducts. There are very few existing buildings which have been designed from the ground-up to include wind turbines in the structure. In order to estimate the wind resources and the performance of a turbine at a particular site, a CFD model is designed and CFD calculations are performed. In order to simplify the modelling of a wind turbine actuator, disc theory is applied. Actuator disc theory is used, as it allows the aerodynamic behaviour of a wind turbine to be analyzed by just considering the energy extraction process without a specific wind turbine design. The power output of wind turbines installed beneath an already existing civil infrastructure is determined and analyzed.
Highlights
As conventional fossil fuel supplies diminish and cause concern over environmental pollution rises, renewable energy sources have proved more attractive, such as wind, solar, or geothermal sources [1]
The first simulations run after the independency studies were to investigate the quadratic resistance value which gave the best performance for turbine model
It appears clear that the smaller double Vertical Axis Wind Turbine (VAWT) perform much better than the other two; this is likely to be mainly due to the superior location above the viaduct which a smaller lighter turbine could take advantage of
Summary
As conventional fossil fuel supplies diminish and cause concern over environmental pollution rises, renewable energy sources have proved more attractive, such as wind, solar, or geothermal sources [1]. The world’s leading example of a building-integrated wind energy conversion system is probably the 50-storey, 240 m high Bahrain World Trade Center (Manama, Bahrain), which uses three large turbines of 29 m diameter each between two towers to generate approximately 1100–1300 MWh per year. These two towers are shaped to accelerate and direct the air flow to the fixed direction turbines, allowing them to operate between 270 and 360 degrees, they are restricted to operate only between 285 and 345 degrees to ensure no damage is caused [4]. The methodology exploitees the actuator disc theory and CFD calculations to find the maximum power output of the wind farm
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