Cephalometric Outcomes of Maxillary Expansion and Protraction in Patients With Unilateral Cleft Lip and Palate After Two Types of Palatoplasty.

Abstract

To clarify the differences in the long-term effects of maxillary expansion (ME) and protraction (MP) in patients with complete unilateral cleft lip, alveolus, and palate (UCLP) undergoing two types of palatoplasty. Retrospective longitudinal study. Institutional study. Thirty-eight patients with UCLP treated at Osaka University Dental Hospital, Japan, were divided into two groups: 19 patients were treated using Wardill-Kilner push-back palatoplasty (PB), and 19 patients were treated with early two-stage palatoplasty according to the modified Furlow technique (ETS). All patients exhibited a short maxilla at the initial orthodontic visit and were treated with ME using a quad helix appliance and MP with a face mask. Lateral cephalometric data recorded in the initial stage were compared with those obtained at the end of treatment. The dentoskeletal features and facial soft tissue profile were evaluated before and after orthodontic treatment. The variation and rate of change during treatment were also calculated. The Mann-Whitney U test was used for the statistical analyses. The ETS group showed significantly greater SNA, SNB, and U1-Pp angles and smaller SN-Mp angles than the PB group after face mask treatment. The variation in the anteroposterior length of the maxilla during treatment was significantly greater in the ETS group than in the PB group. Maxillary protraction was more efficiently accomplished in the patients with UCLP after early two-stage palatoplasty compared with push-back palatoplasty.