Abstract
In this study, following the green, environmentally friendly and sustainable development strategy, cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) were prepared through a solvent-free esterification reaction between microcrystalline cellulose and maleic anhydride, combined with subsequent ultrasonic treatment, and maleic-anhydride-modified CNC-reinforced zein/catechin/β-cyclodextrin inclusion complex nanoparticles nanocomposite films were prepared by a facile solution casting. The amount of CNCs in the film matrix was 0–8 wt%, and their effect on structural, physicochemical and functional properties of the resulting films were investigated. SEM images showed that the addition of CNCs made the microstructure of the film more smooth and uniform. The intermolecular hydrogen bonds between CNCs and film matrix were supported by FT-IR. XRD analysis also confirmed the appearance of a crystalline peak due to the existence of CNCs inside the films. The incorporation of CNCs significantly reduced water vapor permeability, water solubility and the swelling degree of the nanocomposite film, and also significantly increased tensile strength and elongation at break from 12.66 to 37.82 MPa and 4.5% to 5.2% (p < 0.05). Moreover, nanocomposite film packaging with CNCs can effectively inhibit the oxidation of soybean oil.
Highlights
Nowadays, food packaging plays an important role in food processing and the food supply chain, which must meet the increasingly stringent requirements and needs of society [1]
In order to investigate the effect of Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) on the surface structure of zein/CA/β-CD inclusion complex NP film, the physical appearance and microstructure of the film were characterized
There was no obvious agglomeration on the microscopic surface of the films, indicating that the esterified CNCs can be well dispersed in the matrix due to electrostatic repulsion, and this is conducive to the improvement of film strength [22]
Summary
Food packaging plays an important role in food processing and the food supply chain, which must meet the increasingly stringent requirements and needs of society [1]. Biopolymer-based nanocomposite films can be used as carriers for functional additives, such as antioxidants and antibacterial agents, and the added nano-reinforcing phase can improve the mechanical and barrier properties of packaging materials [9]. Cyclodextrins (CDs) are non-toxic macrocyclic oligosaccharides, consisting of (α-1,4)-linked α-D-glucopyranose units, with a hollow hydrophobic interior and hydrophilic outer surface [11]. This feature enables CDs to host both polar and non-polar guests of polymers or small molecules [12]. The performance of zein/CA/β-CD inclusion complex NPs nanocomposite film still has great potential for improvement
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