Abstract
ObjectivesThe aim was to compare the effect of upper and lower body high-intensity exercise on chosen genes expression in athletes and non-athletes.MethodFourteen elite male artistic gymnasts (EAG) aged 20.6 ± 3.3 years and 14 physically active men (PAM) aged 19.9 ± 1.0 years performed lower and upper body 30 s Wingate Tests. Blood samples were collected before, 5 and 30 minutes after each effort to assess gene expression via PCR.ResultsSignificantly higher mechanical parameters after lower body exercise was observed in both groups, for relative power (8.7 ± 1.2 W/kg in gymnasts, 7.2 ± 1.2 W/kg in controls, p = 0.01) and mean power (6.7 ± 0.7 W/kg in gymnasts, 5.4 ± 0.8 W/kg in controls, p = 0.01). No differences in lower versus upper body gene expression were detected for all tested genes as well as between gymnasts and physical active man. For IL-6 m-RNA time-dependent effect was observed.ConclusionsBecause of no significant differences in expression of genes associated with cellular stress response the similar adaptive effect to exercise may be obtained so by lower and upper body exercise.
Highlights
High intensity exercise causes metabolic changes on many levels of human body altering the production of interleukins and heat shock protein [1,2,3], the availability of substrates, activation of metabolic enzymes [4], and others
Because of no significant differences in expression of genes associated with cellular stress response the similar adaptive effect to exercise may be obtained so by lower and upper body exercise
It is clear that measuring changes in the expression of genes associated with the cellular stress response, such as HSPA1A and HSPB1, synthesized by the cells of an organism in response to a variety of stimuli, including heat, oxidative, metabolic and chemical stress [9, 10]may be useful in determining physical workload [11] and intensity [12,13,14]or to monitor training [15]
Summary
Fourteen elite male artistic gymnasts (EAG) aged 20.6 ± 3.3 years and 14 physically active men (PAM) aged 19.9 ± 1.0 years performed lower and upper body 30 s Wingate Tests. Blood samples were collected before, 5 and 30 minutes after each effort to assess gene expression via PCR
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