Abstract
Spontaneous respiratory rhythmic burst activity can be preserved in the preBötzinger Complex (preBötC) of rodent medullary transverse slices. It is known, that the activation sequence of inspiratory neurons in the preBötC stochastically varies from cycle to cycle. To test whether the activation timing of an inspiratory neuron depends on its neurotransmitter, we performed calcium imaging of preBötC neurons using double-transgenic mice expressing EGFP in GlyT2+ neurons and tdTomato in GAD65+ neurons. Five types of inspiratory neurons were identified using the fluorescence protein expression and the maximum cross-correlation coefficient between neuronal calcium fluctuation and field potential. Regarding the activation sequence, irregular type putative excitatory (GlyT2-/GAD65-) neurons and irregular type glycinergic (GlyT2+/GAD65-) neurons tended to be activated early, while regular type putative excitatory neurons, regular type glycinergic neurons tended to be activated later. In conclusion, the different cell types define a general framework for the stochastically changing activation sequence of inspiratory neurons in the preBötC.
Highlights
The preBötzinger Complex is the crucial kernel to generate the spontaneous respiratory rhythm and its activity can be preserved and recorded as inspiratory rhythmic bursts in a medullary transverse slice preparation (Smith et al, 1991; Feldman and Del Negro, 2006)
Detailed knowledge of the activation sequence of different types of respiratory neurons is critical for the Abbreviations: Cotrans, dual transmitting neuron (GlyT2+/GAD65+ neuron); Irr, irregular type; Irr-Ex, irregular type of excitatory neuron (Irr-GlyT2−/GAD65− neuron); Irr-Gly, irregular type of glycinergic neuron (Irr-GlyT2+/GAD65− neurons); R, regular type; R-Ex, regular type of excitatory neuron (R-GlyT2−/GAD65− neuron); R-Gly, regular type of glycinergic neuron (R-GlyT2+/GAD65− neuron)
We propose a model for synaptic interactions among the different types of inspiratory neurons, which describes the generation of spontaneous inspiratory rhythmic bursts in the preBötzinger Complex (preBötC)
Summary
The preBötzinger Complex (preBötC) is the crucial kernel to generate the spontaneous respiratory rhythm and its activity can be preserved and recorded as inspiratory rhythmic bursts in a medullary transverse slice preparation (Smith et al, 1991; Feldman and Del Negro, 2006). We hypothesized that the neuron type defines a framework for the stochastically changing activation sequence of inspiratory neurons during inspiratory rhythmic bursts in the preBötC To test this hypothesis, we investigated the activation sequence among glycinergic, GABAergic and putative excitatory neurons using double-transgenic mice (double-TGmice) expressing EGFP in glycinergic neurons under the control of the GlyT2-promoter (GlyT2+ neurons) neurons (Zeilhofer et al, 2005) and tdTomato in GABAergic neurons under the GAD65-promoter (GAD65+ neurons) (Besser et al, 2015). We propose a model for synaptic interactions among the different types of inspiratory neurons, which describes the generation of spontaneous inspiratory rhythmic bursts in the preBötC
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
