Abstract
Low temperature or cold is one of the most important stress factors that control and limit seed germination, young seedling development, growth and development of the adult plant as well as plant distribution worldwide. There are several reports of altered gene expression in plants in response to and during cold acclimation and conclude that cold-responsive genes provide the biochemical and physiological changes necessary for growth and development at low temperature. Indeed, when the plants are exposed to cold stress, cold- or chilling-tolerant plants reprogramme their transcriptome in response to cold adaptation. It is an established fact that the ICE-1-CBF transcriptional cascade plays crucial role in cold acclimation in diverse plant species, and through transgenic approaches the genetic manipulation of CBF pathway can improve cold tolerance of resultant transgenics. On the other hand, studies have revealed that, besides transcriptional regulation, plants employ diverse post-transcriptional regulatory mechanisms to modulating their gene expression patterns during cold acclimation.
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