Abstract
The fabrication and analytical performance of a catheter-type electrode suitable for potentiometric monitoring of P O 2 , pH and P CO 2 in flowing blood is described. The catheter electrode is based on impregnating a single segment of dual-lumen gas permeable silicone rubber tubing with the proton ionophore tridodecylamine to impart H + permselectivity to both inner and outer walls of the tubing. One lumen is filled with an unbuffered bicarbonate solution and the other lumen is filled with a strong buffer. By inserting Ag/AgCl reference electrode wires in each lumen and a cobalt electrode in the buffered lumen, simultaneous potentiometric detection of P O 2 , pH and P CO 2 is achieved. The response of cobalt electrode to P O 2 arises from a steady-state mixed potential owing to slow oxidation of cobalt and simultaneous reduction of oxygen on the surface of the cobalt electrode. The response towards P CO 2 is completely analogous to the response mechanism of a conventional Severinghaus P CO 2 sensor (i.e., change in pH of the bicarbonate solution). Continuous measurements of P O 2 , pH and P CO 2 during 4–5 h blood pump studies using the catheter electrodes correlate well with conventional bench-top blood gas analyzer (P O 2 : r 2 = 0·992; pH: r 2 = 0·940; P CO 2 : r 2 = 0·993).
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