Abstract
Publisher Summary This chapter reviews the catecholamines and the secretion of renin, ACTH, and growth hormone. The effects of sympathetic stimulation on renin secretion could be mediated through the baroreceptor or macula densa mechanisms, because injected catecholamines and renal nerve stimulation can lower the pressure in the renal arterioles and reduce sodium delivery to the distal tubule, with a resultant decrease in sodium transport across the macula densa. α-Adrenergic blocking drugs do not inhibit the rise in renin produced by sympathetic stimulation, and most if not all of the hemodynamic effects of catecholamines on the kidney are mediated through αadrenergic receptors. Indeed, in a number of situations, a-adrenergic blockade potentiates renin secretion. The secretion of the anterior pituitary gland is also affected by catecholamines. Anterior pituitary secretion is regulated by a family of approximately eight releasing and inhibiting factors secreted by cells in the hypothalamus and the secretion of these releasing and inhibiting factors is in turn regulated to a large degree by norepinephrine and dopamine-secreting neurons in the diencephalon.
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