Abstract
Ultra-small single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) with diameter of 0.4 nm were fabricated in the channels of AlPO4-5 crystals by pyrolyzing hydrocarbon molecules. In order to improve the structural quality of the SWNTs, we introduced Bronsted acid sites onto the channel walls by incorporating metal cations (Mn, Mg, Co, and Si) into AlPO4-5 framework. The Bronsted acid sites play an important catalytic role in the carbonization of hydrocarbon molecules (tripropylamine) in the AlPO4-5 channels, and favor the formation of SWNTs, as revealed by the significant decrease in formation energy of the nanotubes. The experimental results agree well with the predictions of first-principles calculations.
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