Abstract
The oxylipin hormone jasmonate controls myriad processes involved in plant growth, development, and immune function. The discovery of jasmonoyl-l-isoleucine (JA-Ile) as the major bioactive form of the hormone highlights the need to understand biochemical and cell biological processes underlying JA-Ile homeostasis. Among the major metabolic control points governing the accumulation of JA-Ile in plant tissues are the availability of jasmonic acid, the immediate precursor of JA-Ile, and oxidative enzymes involved in catabolism and deactivation of the hormone. Recent studies indicate that JA-Ile turnover is mediated by a ω-oxidation pathway involving members of the CYP94 family of cytochromes P450. This discovery opens new opportunities to genetically manipulate JA-Ile levels for enhanced resistance to environmental stress, and further highlights ω-oxidation as a conserved pathway for catabolism of lipid-derived signals in plants and animals. Functional characterization of the full complement of CYP94 P450s promises to reveal new pathways for jasmonate metabolism and provide insight into the evolution of oxylipin signaling in land plants.
Highlights
Plants use a wide variety of lipid-based signals to control fundamental aspects of growth, development, and responses to environmental stress
AND FUTURE PERSPECTIVES It is becoming increasing clear that the Jasmonic acid (JA) signaling pathway is embedded in a complex phytohormone network that controls myriad aspects of plant growth and development, as well as the way in which plants adapt to their environment
Current models of JA signal transduction support the view that the intracellular level of JA-Ile plays a major role in controlling the strength of JA responses
Summary
Plants use a wide variety of lipid-based signals to control fundamental aspects of growth, development, and responses to environmental stress. AND FUTURE PERSPECTIVES It is becoming increasing clear that the JA signaling pathway is embedded in a complex phytohormone network that controls myriad aspects of plant growth and development, as well as the way in which plants adapt to their environment.
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