Abstract
Premna serratifoliaLin., (Verbenaceae) contains alkaloids and iridoid glycoside and is believed to prevent cardiovascular disease. The stem-bark and stem-wood were extracted with 95% ethanol and distilled water. These extracts were screened for their effects by Isolated Frog Heart Perfusion Technique and biochemical parameters in heart tissue and serum of albino rats after administering the extracts for 7 days. The ethanol extract produced significant positive ionotropic and negative chronotropic actions similar to that of digoxin on frog heart and its effect was inhibited by nifedipine but not by propranolol. A significant decrease in membrane Na+K+ATPase and Mg2+ATPase and an increase in Ca2+ATPase further confirmed its cardiotonic activity. Aqueous extract produced positive ionotropic and chronotropic effects similar to that of adrenaline and its effect was antagonized by propranolol and nifedipine. The results suggest that the ethanol extract produced cardiotonic effect and the aqueous extract produced beta-adrenergic effect.
Highlights
Cardiovascular disease incurs a greater economical constraint than any other illness especially in the developing countries
Ethanol extract produced significant positive ionotropic and negative chronotropic effects similar to that of digoxin on frog heart and it is indicated by an increase in the force of contraction (Table I) and a decrease in the heart rate (Table II)
Ethanol extract produced cardiotonic effect, which was characterized by positive ionotropic and negative chronotropic actions
Summary
Cardiovascular disease incurs a greater economical constraint than any other illness especially in the developing countries. It is the most common cause of death by the year 2020. Coronary vascular diseases constitute the principal cause of human mortality. Not surprisingly, this is an intensive research, not entirely devoted to treatment, and to the prevention of these diseases. There is no evidence that digitalis prolongs survival of coronary heart disease patients (Tripathi, 2001), major limitations in the use of cardiac glycosides are low margin of safety, inability to retard the process which caused the heart to fail and intoxification are well documented (Beller et al, 1971). It was considered to evaluate the cardioactive potential and its mechanism of action
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