Abstract

Identifying pollutant dyes in water sources has become imperative for mitigating health risks, and nanomaterial-incorporated sensing platforms have shown promise in pollutant detection. In this study, we focus on developing a surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS)-based technique using Ag-nanosphere (AgNS) with highly negative surface charge. The systematic investigation of AgNS with carboxylate surfactants capping revealed suitable conditions for detecting the representative cationic contaminants. The resulting SERS substrate with the AgNS from the optimized condition exhibited selective detection of rhodamine 6G and even diquat at concentrations as low as 0.1 mg/L, offering potential applications in water quality assessment and environmental monitoring.

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