Abstract
The postharvest characteristics and fruit quality of four banana cultivars for fresh consumption grown without chemical control of black sigatoka and submitted to ethylene application were evaluated. The banana cultivars were Grande Naine (AAA) and Williams (AAA), both susceptible to black sigatoka, as well as FHIA-23 (AAAA) and FHIA-17 (AAAA), both tolerant to such disease, which were grown under irrigation conditions in Nayarit, Mexico. At harvest, all the bunch and fruit characteristics were recorded. Immediately fruits were submitted to 100 μl·litro-1 ethylene for 16 h keeping a control. Then, fruit quality characteristics were recorded during the ripening process under market simulation (22 ± 2 ºC y 75 ± 10 % RH). Every three days peel color, pulp firmness, total soluble solids, tritatable acidity and starch content were assessed. It was found that Williams and FHIA-23 yielded heavier bunches than Grande Naine, however, Williams was more similar to Grande Naine in bunch and fruit characteristics while FHIA-23 showed the best postharvest quality. In addition, it was observed that Williams was the only cultivar which ripened suitable without exogenous ethylene while Grande Naine, FHIA-23 and FHIA-17 required it for optimum ripening. Finally, it was observed that the exogenous ethylene application accelerated too much the ripening process in Williams and FHIA-17, which caused a very short shelf life.
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