Capsular repair is not an important part of the Latarjet-Walch procedure

Abstract

Patte etal noted that the Latarjet procedure works by the triple blocking effect of (1) the conjoint tendon sling effect, (2) the bone block effect, and (3) the capsular repair. However, no clinical study has specifically investigated the role of capsular repair in the Latarjet procedure. The primary aim was to compare (1) the external rotation range of motion (ROM) achieved after the Latarjet procedure with and without the capsule to coracoacromial (CA-CAL) repair. The secondary aims were to compare the functional outcomes, forward elevation ROM, and internal rotation ROM after the Latarjet procedure with and without the CA-CAL repair. A prospective cohort of 30 patients who underwent the Latarjet-Walch procedure with a CA-CAL repair between October 2018 and February 2020 was compared with the preceding group of 31 patients who underwent the Latarjet-Walch procedure without any capsular repair between October 2016 and September 2018, at a minimum of 1-year of follow-up. External rotation with the elbow abducted at 90° (ER2) deficit (compared to the normal opposite side) was significantly larger after the CA-CAL repair augmentation of the Latarjet procedure (mean difference = 6°, P = .03) than that after no repair. External rotation with the elbow adducted (ER1) deficit after the CA-CAL repair augmentation was not significantly different from that after no repair. ER2 deficit of more than 15° (minimum clinically important difference) was observed in 11 patients (38%) in the CA-CAL repair group and 3 patients (10%, P = .015) in the no repair group. Walch-Duplay score, Rowe score, and Subjective Shoulder Value were not significantly different between the CA-CAL repair group and the no repair group. Covariates of hand dominance, overhead sports, and glenoid defect size did not significantly affect the ER2 deficit and ER1 deficit outcomes. This study disproved the long-held belief that capsular repair is an essential step of the Latarjet-Walch procedure. Capsular repair to the coracoacromial ligament in the Latarjet procedure leads to a clinically insignificant restriction of external rotation (with the arm abducted), no restriction of external rotation (with the arm adducted), but functional outcomes similar to those after Latarjet without a capsular repair in a nonoverhead athlete.